【托福真题_英语外教一对一培训】栏目更新了TOEFL托福阅读真题及答案（78），以下为具体内容：

　　TOEFL托福阅读真题文章：

　　Urbanization has dramatically altered landscapes across the globe, often resulting in the fragmentation of natural habitats and the loss of biodiversity. One of the most significant impacts of urban development is the creation of barriers that isolate populations of wildlife. These barriers can be physical, such as roads, buildings, and fences, or they can be functional, like changes in land use that make it difficult for species to move between areas.

　　The consequences of habitat fragmentation are far-reaching. Smaller, isolated populations are more vulnerable to extinction due to genetic drift and inbreeding. They may also be less able to adapt to environmental changes, such as climate shifts or the introduction of new predators. Additionally, fragmentation can limit the ability of species to migrate in response to resource availability, leading to increased competition and potential local extinctions.

　　Conservation efforts have focused on mitigating these negative effects. One approach is the creation of wildlife corridors, which are strips of habitat that connect isolated populations. These corridors allow animals to move between fragments, facilitating gene flow and increasing population resilience. Another strategy involves the restoration of degraded habitats within urban areas, creating new niches for native species. Urban planning that incorporates green spaces and preserves natural areas can also help maintain biodiversity.

　　However, the effectiveness of these conservation measures depends on various factors. The design and connectivity of wildlife corridors are critical; if corridors are too narrow or blocked by human activities, their benefits may be limited. Similarly, the success of habitat restoration efforts depends on the scale of the project and the presence of suitable species to recolonize the restored areas. Furthermore, public awareness and support are essential for the implementation and maintenance of urban conservation initiatives.

　　Ultimately, balancing urban development with biodiversity conservation requires careful planning and a long-term perspective. Integrating ecological considerations into urban planning can help minimize the negative impacts of urbanization and create more sustainable cities. By doing so, we can reduce habitat fragmentation and protect the rich variety of life that coexists with human populations.

　　TOEFL托福阅读真题题目：

　　1、What is the main topic of the passage?

　　(A) The benefits of urban planning for wildlife.

　　(B) The impacts of urbanization on natural habitats and biodiversity.

　　(C) The economic costs of habitat fragmentation.

　　(D) The role of wildlife corridors in conservation.

　　2、The word "mitigating" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to:

　　(A) Increasing

　　(B) Reducing

　　(C) Ignoring

　　(D) Studying

　　3、According to the passage, what makes isolated populations of wildlife more vulnerable?

　　(A) They have more resources available.

　　(B) They are more likely to experience genetic drift and inbreeding.

　　(C) They are more popular among conservationists.

　　(D) They have more natural predators.

　　4、What does the passage suggest about the design of wildlife corridors?

　　(A) They should be as wide as possible to encourage human use.

　　(B) Their effectiveness depends on their connectivity and lack of obstructions. (C) They should only connect areas with high economic value.

　　(D) They are unnecessary in highly urbanized environments.

　　5、The passage implies that:

　　(A) Urbanization and biodiversity conservation are fundamentally incompatible.

　　(B) Public support is crucial for the success of urban conservation efforts.

　　(C) Habitat fragmentation only affects small mammals and does not impact birds.

　　(D) Wildlife corridors can completely eliminate the negative effects of urbanization.

　　TOEFL托福阅读真题答案：

　　1、B

　　2、B

　　3、B

　　4、B

　　5、B

　　以上就是TOEFL托福阅读真题答案（78），欢迎大家进入说客英语官网的【托福真题_英语外教一对一培训】栏目，了解更多托福真题、托福考试内容等相关资讯。